<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<rss version="2.0"
	xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"
	xmlns:wfw="http://wellformedweb.org/CommentAPI/"
	xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"
	xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom"
	xmlns:sy="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/syndication/"
	xmlns:slash="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/slash/"
	>

<channel>
	<title>Mastering Electronics Design&#187; Superposition Theorem</title>
	<atom:link href="http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/category/superposition-theorem/feed/" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
	<link>http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com</link>
	<description>Electronics Design and Modeling with Emphasis on Analog Design</description>
	<lastBuildDate>Fri, 23 Jul 2010 06:56:26 +0000</lastBuildDate>
	<generator>http://wordpress.org/?v=2.9</generator>
	<language>en</language>
	<sy:updatePeriod>hourly</sy:updatePeriod>
	<sy:updateFrequency>1</sy:updateFrequency>
			<item>
		<title>A Summing and Differential Amplifier with One Op Amp</title>
		<link>http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/a-summing-and-differential-amplifier-with-one-op-amp/</link>
		<comments>http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/a-summing-and-differential-amplifier-with-one-op-amp/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 18 Apr 2010 01:27:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Adrian S. Nastase</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Analog Design]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Differential Amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Summing amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Superposition Theorem]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[inverting]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/?p=1366</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[In a comment, one of my readers asked me what is the transfer function of the non-inverting summing amplifier in Figure 1, when R3 is connected to a reference voltage instead of ground.  Well, this is a summing amplifier with a differential configuration. 


Related posts:<ol><li><a href='http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/converting-a-differential-amplifier-into-a-summing-amplifier/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: Converting a Differential Amplifier into a Summing Amplifier'>Converting a Differential Amplifier into a Summing Amplifier</a></li><li><a href='http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/the-differential-amplifier-transfer-function/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: How to Derive the Differential Amplifier Transfer Function'>How to Derive the Differential Amplifier Transfer Function</a></li><li><a href='http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/how-to-derive-the-summing-amplifier-transfer-function/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: How to Derive the Summing Amplifier Transfer Function'>How to Derive the Summing Amplifier Transfer Function</a></li></ol>]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/a-summing-and-differential-amplifier-with-one-op-amp/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>3</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>How to Derive the Instrumentation Amplifier Transfer Function</title>
		<link>http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/how-to-derive-the-instrumentation-amplifier-transfer-function/</link>
		<comments>http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/how-to-derive-the-instrumentation-amplifier-transfer-function/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 30 Aug 2009 23:31:22 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Adrian S. Nastase</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Analog Design]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Differential Amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Superposition Theorem]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[differential amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[instrumentation amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[op amp (opamp) formulas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[operational amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[proof]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[transfer function]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/?p=621</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The Instrumentation Amplifier (IA) resembles the differential amplifier, with the main difference that the inputs are buffered by two Op Amps.  Besides that, it is designed for low DC offset, low offset drift with temperature, low input bias currents and high common-mode rejection ratio.  These qualities make the IA very useful in analog circuit design, in precision applications and in sensor signal processing.


Related posts:<ol><li><a href='http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/the-differential-amplifier-transfer-function/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: How to Derive the Differential Amplifier Transfer Function'>How to Derive the Differential Amplifier Transfer Function</a></li><li><a href='http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/how-to-derive-the-summing-amplifier-transfer-function/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: How to Derive the Summing Amplifier Transfer Function'>How to Derive the Summing Amplifier Transfer Function</a></li><li><a href='http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/how-to-derive-the-transfer-function-of-the-inverting-summing-amplifier/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: How to Derive the Transfer Function of the  Inverting Summing Amplifier'>How to Derive the Transfer Function of the  Inverting Summing Amplifier</a></li></ol>]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/how-to-derive-the-instrumentation-amplifier-transfer-function/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>How to Derive the Transfer Function of the  Inverting Summing Amplifier</title>
		<link>http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/how-to-derive-the-transfer-function-of-the-inverting-summing-amplifier/</link>
		<comments>http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/how-to-derive-the-transfer-function-of-the-inverting-summing-amplifier/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 17 Aug 2009 04:53:56 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Adrian S. Nastase</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Analog Design]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Operational Amplifier Formulas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Summing amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Superposition Theorem]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[inverting summing amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[operational amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[proof]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/?p=541</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The inverting summing amplifier does exactly what its name says: adds the input signals and inverts the result.  This amplifier presents a major advantage versus the non-inverting summing amplifier.  The input signals are added with their own gain.  The disadvantage is the inversion of the sum, which might not be desirable in some cases.  How can we derive this function?  What is the transfer function of the inverting summing amplifier with 3, 4, or n inputs?  This article answers all these questions.


Related posts:<ol><li><a href='http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/how-to-derive-the-inverting-amplifier-transfer-function/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: How to Derive the Inverting Amplifier Transfer Function'>How to Derive the Inverting Amplifier Transfer Function</a></li><li><a href='http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/the-transfer-function-of-the-summing-amplifier-with-n-input-signals/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: The Transfer Function of the Non-Inverting Summing Amplifier with “N” Input Signals'>The Transfer Function of the Non-Inverting Summing Amplifier with “N” Input Signals</a></li><li><a href='http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/how-to-derive-the-summing-amplifier-transfer-function/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: How to Derive the Summing Amplifier Transfer Function'>How to Derive the Summing Amplifier Transfer Function</a></li></ol>]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/how-to-derive-the-transfer-function-of-the-inverting-summing-amplifier/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>The Transfer Function of the Non-Inverting Summing Amplifier with “N” Input Signals</title>
		<link>http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/the-transfer-function-of-the-summing-amplifier-with-n-input-signals/</link>
		<comments>http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/the-transfer-function-of-the-summing-amplifier-with-n-input-signals/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 09 Aug 2009 21:52:02 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Adrian S. Nastase</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Analog Design]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Operational Amplifier Formulas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Summing amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Superposition Theorem]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[analog]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[non-inverting]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[op amp (opamp) formulas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[operational amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[proof]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[summing amplifier formula]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[transfer function]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/?p=486</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[In a previous article, How to Derive the Summing Amplifier Transfer Function, I deduced the formula for the non-inverting summing amplifier with two signals in its input.  But what if we have 3, 4 or an n number of signals?  Can we add them all with one amplifier?


Related posts:<ol><li><a href='http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/how-to-derive-the-transfer-function-of-the-inverting-summing-amplifier/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: How to Derive the Transfer Function of the  Inverting Summing Amplifier'>How to Derive the Transfer Function of the  Inverting Summing Amplifier</a></li><li><a href='http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/how-to-derive-the-summing-amplifier-transfer-function/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: How to Derive the Summing Amplifier Transfer Function'>How to Derive the Summing Amplifier Transfer Function</a></li><li><a href='http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/how-to-derive-the-inverting-amplifier-transfer-function/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: How to Derive the Inverting Amplifier Transfer Function'>How to Derive the Inverting Amplifier Transfer Function</a></li></ol>]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/the-transfer-function-of-the-summing-amplifier-with-n-input-signals/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>4</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>How to Derive the Summing Amplifier Transfer Function</title>
		<link>http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/how-to-derive-the-summing-amplifier-transfer-function/</link>
		<comments>http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/how-to-derive-the-summing-amplifier-transfer-function/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 09 Jul 2009 06:21:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Adrian S. Nastase</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Analog Design]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Operational Amplifier Formulas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Summing amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Superposition Theorem]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[analog]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[non-inverting]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[op amp]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[operational amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[proof]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[summing amplifier formula]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[transfer function]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/?p=413</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The summing amplifier, or the non-inverting summing amplifier, is an analog processing circuit with the transfer function (the summing amplifier formula as some say) shown in the following equation.




(1)



The first term of the product is the actual summing, while the second term is a gain due to the R3 and R4 resistors.  I prefer this [...]


Related posts:<ol><li><a href='http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/how-to-derive-the-transfer-function-of-the-inverting-summing-amplifier/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: How to Derive the Transfer Function of the  Inverting Summing Amplifier'>How to Derive the Transfer Function of the  Inverting Summing Amplifier</a></li><li><a href='http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/the-transfer-function-of-the-summing-amplifier-with-n-input-signals/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: The Transfer Function of the Non-Inverting Summing Amplifier with “N” Input Signals'>The Transfer Function of the Non-Inverting Summing Amplifier with “N” Input Signals</a></li><li><a href='http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/the-differential-amplifier-transfer-function/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: How to Derive the Differential Amplifier Transfer Function'>How to Derive the Differential Amplifier Transfer Function</a></li></ol>]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/how-to-derive-the-summing-amplifier-transfer-function/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>19</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Converting a Differential Amplifier into a Summing Amplifier</title>
		<link>http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/converting-a-differential-amplifier-into-a-summing-amplifier/</link>
		<comments>http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/converting-a-differential-amplifier-into-a-summing-amplifier/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 25 Jun 2009 06:33:44 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Adrian S. Nastase</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Analog Design]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Differential Amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Summing amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Superposition Theorem]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[differential amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[op amp]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[operational amplifier]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/?p=369</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Is there any link between a differential amplifier and a summing amplifier? Yes, it is.  They can be easily converted one into the other one.  While this article shows the conversion, the main purpose is to demonstrate how the same circuit can be viewed as a differential amplifier or as a summing amplifier, depending on the voltage levels in its inputs.


Related posts:<ol><li><a href='http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/how-to-derive-the-transfer-function-of-the-inverting-summing-amplifier/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: How to Derive the Transfer Function of the  Inverting Summing Amplifier'>How to Derive the Transfer Function of the  Inverting Summing Amplifier</a></li><li><a href='http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/how-to-derive-the-summing-amplifier-transfer-function/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: How to Derive the Summing Amplifier Transfer Function'>How to Derive the Summing Amplifier Transfer Function</a></li><li><a href='http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/the-differential-amplifier-common-mode-error-part-1/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: The Differential Amplifier Common-Mode Error – Part 1'>The Differential Amplifier Common-Mode Error – Part 1</a></li></ol>]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/converting-a-differential-amplifier-into-a-summing-amplifier/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>The Differential Amplifier Common-Mode Error – Part 1</title>
		<link>http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/the-differential-amplifier-common-mode-error-part-1/</link>
		<comments>http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/the-differential-amplifier-common-mode-error-part-1/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 21 May 2009 03:13:56 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Adrian S. Nastase</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Analog Design]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Differential Amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Superposition Theorem]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[common mode rejection]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[common mode rejection ratio]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[common-mode]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[operational amplifier]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/?p=219</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The common-mode voltage can bring errors in the differential amplifier applications.  What is the common-mode voltage?  The common-mode voltage is the voltage level common to both inverting and non-inverting inputs of the differential amplifier.  In many applications, the differential amplifier is used to amplify the difference between two voltages, for later processing, or to isolate a signal from common-mode noise, or to amplify a signal that rides on top of some large voltage level.  If the common-mode voltage is not rejected, it appears as an error at the amplifier output.


Related posts:<ol><li><a href='http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/the-differential-amplifier-common-mode-error-part-2/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: The Differential Amplifier Common-Mode Error – Part 2'>The Differential Amplifier Common-Mode Error – Part 2</a></li><li><a href='http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/differential-amplifier-output-common-mode-voltage-calculator/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: Differential Amplifier Output Common-Mode Voltage Calculator'>Differential Amplifier Output Common-Mode Voltage Calculator</a></li><li><a href='http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/solving-the-differential-amplifier-part-1/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: Solving the Differential Amplifier &#8211; Part 1'>Solving the Differential Amplifier &#8211; Part 1</a></li></ol>]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/the-differential-amplifier-common-mode-error-part-1/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>4</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>How to Derive the Differential Amplifier Transfer Function</title>
		<link>http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/the-differential-amplifier-transfer-function/</link>
		<comments>http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/the-differential-amplifier-transfer-function/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 07 May 2009 12:14:46 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Adrian S. Nastase</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Analog Design]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Differential Amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Operational Amplifier Formulas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Superposition Theorem]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[differential amplifier formula]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[op amp (opamp) formulas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[operational amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[proof]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[transfer function]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/?p=156</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The transfer function of the differential amplifier, also known as difference amplifier, can be found in articles, websites, formula tables, but where is it coming from? Why is the differential amplifier transfer function as in the following mathematical relation? ...


Related posts:<ol><li><a href='http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/how-to-derive-the-summing-amplifier-transfer-function/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: How to Derive the Summing Amplifier Transfer Function'>How to Derive the Summing Amplifier Transfer Function</a></li><li><a href='http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/how-to-derive-the-instrumentation-amplifier-transfer-function/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: How to Derive the Instrumentation Amplifier Transfer Function'>How to Derive the Instrumentation Amplifier Transfer Function</a></li><li><a href='http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/how-to-derive-the-inverting-amplifier-transfer-function/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: How to Derive the Inverting Amplifier Transfer Function'>How to Derive the Inverting Amplifier Transfer Function</a></li></ol>]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/the-differential-amplifier-transfer-function/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>1</slash:comments>
		</item>
	</channel>
</rss>
