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	<title>Mastering Electronics Design&#187; Thevenin&#8217;s Theorem</title>
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	<link>http://MasteringElectronicsDesign.com</link>
	<description>Electronics Design and Modeling with Emphasis on Analog Design</description>
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		<title>Apply Thevenin&#8217;s Theorem to Solve a Negative Resistance Circuit, or Current Source</title>
		<link>http://MasteringElectronicsDesign.com/apply-thevenins-theorem-to-solve-a-negative-resistance-circuit/</link>
		<comments>http://MasteringElectronicsDesign.com/apply-thevenins-theorem-to-solve-a-negative-resistance-circuit/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 14 Feb 2011 00:48:17 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Adrian S. Nastase</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Analog Design]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Electronic Circuits Examples]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Operational Amplifier Formulas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Thevenin's Theorem]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[current source]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[negative resistance]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[op amp]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[op amp (opamp) formulas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[operational amplifier]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://MasteringElectronicsDesign.com/?p=1773</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The circuit in Figure 1 is a good example of applying Thevenin’s Theorem to solve a circuit with dependent supplies.  It is a negative resistance circuit and it was posted in this forum with a call for solution verification for IL as a function of Vin.  Since this fits very well with my plans to write more about Thevenin’s Theorem, I decided to post the solution here. 


Related posts:<ol><li><a href='http://MasteringElectronicsDesign.com/how-to-apply-nortons-theorem-solving-circuits-with-independent-sources/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: How to Apply Norton’s Theorem. Solving Circuits with Independent Sources'>How to Apply Norton’s Theorem. Solving Circuits with Independent Sources</a></li><li><a href='http://MasteringElectronicsDesign.com/the-non-inverting-amplifier-output-resistance/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: The Non-Inverting Amplifier Output Resistance'>The Non-Inverting Amplifier Output Resistance</a></li><li><a href='http://MasteringElectronicsDesign.com/how-to-design-a-circuit-from-its-transfer-function-graph/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: How to Design a Circuit from its Transfer Function Graph'>How to Design a Circuit from its Transfer Function Graph</a></li></ol>]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://MasteringElectronicsDesign.com/apply-thevenins-theorem-to-solve-a-negative-resistance-circuit/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>5</slash:comments>
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		<title>The Common-Collector Amplifier Input and Output Resistance &#8211; The Proof</title>
		<link>http://MasteringElectronicsDesign.com/the-common-collector-amplifier-input-and-output-resistance/</link>
		<comments>http://MasteringElectronicsDesign.com/the-common-collector-amplifier-input-and-output-resistance/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 12 Oct 2009 07:15:02 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Adrian S. Nastase</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Analog Design]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Thevenin's Theorem]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Transistor Circuits]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[BJT]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[common-collector]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[dependent sources]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[input resistance]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[output resistance]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[proof]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[transistor]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[voltage follower]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/?p=814</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[In this article I will show a method to deduce the input and output resistance of the common collector amplifier.  The common-collector amplifier is a well known circuit (see Figure 1).  It is mostly used as a buffer due to its high input resistance, small output resistance and unity gain buffer.  The equations derived in this article are symbolic, as is the derivation of any other formula in this website.  Still, even if the resistances’ values are not numeric, the equations are intuitive enough to show the high input low output resistance property of the amplifier.


Related posts:<ol><li><a href='http://MasteringElectronicsDesign.com/derive-the-transfer-function-of-the-common-collector-amplifier-with-thevenins-theorem/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: Derive the Transfer Function of the Common Collector Amplifier with Thevenin&#8217;s Theorem'>Derive the Transfer Function of the Common Collector Amplifier with Thevenin&#8217;s Theorem</a></li><li><a href='http://MasteringElectronicsDesign.com/the-non-inverting-amplifier-output-resistance/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: The Non-Inverting Amplifier Output Resistance'>The Non-Inverting Amplifier Output Resistance</a></li><li><a href='http://MasteringElectronicsDesign.com/differential-amplifier-output-common-mode-voltage-calculator/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: Differential Amplifier Output Common-Mode Voltage Calculator'>Differential Amplifier Output Common-Mode Voltage Calculator</a></li></ol>]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://MasteringElectronicsDesign.com/the-common-collector-amplifier-input-and-output-resistance/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>8</slash:comments>
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		<title>Derive the Transfer Function of the Common Collector Amplifier with Thevenin&#8217;s Theorem</title>
		<link>http://MasteringElectronicsDesign.com/derive-the-transfer-function-of-the-common-collector-amplifier-with-thevenins-theorem/</link>
		<comments>http://MasteringElectronicsDesign.com/derive-the-transfer-function-of-the-common-collector-amplifier-with-thevenins-theorem/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 04 Oct 2009 22:08:42 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Adrian S. Nastase</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Analog Design]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Thevenin's Theorem]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Transistor Circuits]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[BJT]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[common-collector]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[dependent sources]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[open circuit voltage]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[proof]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[transfer function]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[transistor]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[voltage follower]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[voltage source]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/?p=767</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[How to Apply Thevenin’s Theorem for Solving Circuits with Dependent Sources.

Besides its use to simplify and calculate currents in electrical circuits, Thevenin’s Theorem is also a great tool that we can use to derive transfer functions. This article will illustrate how to derive the small signal transfer function of the Common-Collector Amplifier with bipolar junction transistors (BJTs).

The circuit is shown in Figure 1. It is also called a repeater, so we expect that the calculated transfer function to be close to unity gain.


Related posts:<ol><li><a href='http://MasteringElectronicsDesign.com/the-common-collector-amplifier-input-and-output-resistance/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: The Common-Collector Amplifier Input and Output Resistance &#8211; The Proof'>The Common-Collector Amplifier Input and Output Resistance &#8211; The Proof</a></li><li><a href='http://MasteringElectronicsDesign.com/the-differential-amplifier-transfer-function/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: How to Derive the Differential Amplifier Transfer Function'>How to Derive the Differential Amplifier Transfer Function</a></li><li><a href='http://MasteringElectronicsDesign.com/how-to-derive-the-summing-amplifier-transfer-function/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: How to Derive the Summing Amplifier Transfer Function'>How to Derive the Summing Amplifier Transfer Function</a></li></ol>]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://MasteringElectronicsDesign.com/derive-the-transfer-function-of-the-common-collector-amplifier-with-thevenins-theorem/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>2</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>How to Apply Norton’s Theorem. Solving Circuits with Independent Sources</title>
		<link>http://MasteringElectronicsDesign.com/how-to-apply-nortons-theorem-solving-circuits-with-independent-sources/</link>
		<comments>http://MasteringElectronicsDesign.com/how-to-apply-nortons-theorem-solving-circuits-with-independent-sources/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 27 Sep 2009 22:18:43 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Adrian S. Nastase</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Analog Design]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Thevenin's Theorem]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[3 loop circuit]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[current source]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[independent source]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[node equations]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Norton's Theorem]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/?p=717</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Norton’s Theorem is a powerful tool for solving electrical circuits.  Like Thevenin’s Theorem, it simplifies the circuit one needs to study and dramatically reduces potential calculation errors. 

Norton’s Theorem states that networks with voltage and current sources, as well as resistors are electrically equivalent to one single current source and one single resistor in parallel with the source.  The theorem is valid for AC circuits, where instead of resistors there may be reactive components.  Since this theorem sounds very much like Thevenin’s Theorem, one can only imagine that Norton’s current source is equivalent with Thevenin’s voltage source.  Indeed, they are equivalent as we will see further.


Related posts:<ol><li><a href='http://MasteringElectronicsDesign.com/how-to-apply-thevenins-theorem-part-1/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: How to Apply Thevenin&#8217;s Theorem – Part 1, Solving Circuits with Independent Sources'>How to Apply Thevenin&#8217;s Theorem – Part 1, Solving Circuits with Independent Sources</a></li><li><a href='http://MasteringElectronicsDesign.com/how-to-apply-thevenins-theorem-part-2-nested-thevenin-sources-method/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: How to Apply Thevenin&#8217;s Theorem – Part 2.  Nested Thevenin Sources Method'>How to Apply Thevenin&#8217;s Theorem – Part 2.  Nested Thevenin Sources Method</a></li><li><a href='http://MasteringElectronicsDesign.com/apply-thevenins-theorem-to-solve-a-negative-resistance-circuit/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: Apply Thevenin&#8217;s Theorem to Solve a Negative Resistance Circuit, or Current Source'>Apply Thevenin&#8217;s Theorem to Solve a Negative Resistance Circuit, or Current Source</a></li></ol>]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>How to Apply Thevenin&#8217;s Theorem – Part 2.  Nested Thevenin Sources Method</title>
		<link>http://MasteringElectronicsDesign.com/how-to-apply-thevenins-theorem-part-2-nested-thevenin-sources-method/</link>
		<comments>http://MasteringElectronicsDesign.com/how-to-apply-thevenins-theorem-part-2-nested-thevenin-sources-method/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 14 Sep 2009 05:32:47 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Adrian S. Nastase</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Analog Design]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Thevenin's Theorem]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[3 loop circuit]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[independent source]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[node equations]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[open circuit voltage]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[voltage source]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/?p=691</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[What are Nested Thevenin Sources?  I came up with this name recently, while talking to an engineer about a design problem.  I just said it, and I liked it.  I then went and searched on Internet to see if anybody else used the term Nested Thevenin Sources before.  I did not find it so, here it is.  Let’s talk about it.

I borrowed the term from “nested loops” in the programming world.  The main idea is that you can use a method to accomplish a task inside another method of the same kind, hence the word nested.  As we saw in How to Apply Thevenin’s Theorem - Part 1, Thevenin’s Theorem is widely used to simplify the solving of a complex circuit.  


Related posts:<ol><li><a href='http://MasteringElectronicsDesign.com/how-to-apply-thevenins-theorem-part-1/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: How to Apply Thevenin&#8217;s Theorem – Part 1, Solving Circuits with Independent Sources'>How to Apply Thevenin&#8217;s Theorem – Part 1, Solving Circuits with Independent Sources</a></li><li><a href='http://MasteringElectronicsDesign.com/how-to-apply-nortons-theorem-solving-circuits-with-independent-sources/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: How to Apply Norton’s Theorem. Solving Circuits with Independent Sources'>How to Apply Norton’s Theorem. Solving Circuits with Independent Sources</a></li><li><a href='http://MasteringElectronicsDesign.com/derive-the-transfer-function-of-the-common-collector-amplifier-with-thevenins-theorem/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: Derive the Transfer Function of the Common Collector Amplifier with Thevenin&#8217;s Theorem'>Derive the Transfer Function of the Common Collector Amplifier with Thevenin&#8217;s Theorem</a></li></ol>]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://MasteringElectronicsDesign.com/how-to-apply-thevenins-theorem-part-2-nested-thevenin-sources-method/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>1</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>How to Apply Thevenin&#8217;s Theorem – Part 1, Solving Circuits with Independent Sources</title>
		<link>http://MasteringElectronicsDesign.com/how-to-apply-thevenins-theorem-part-1/</link>
		<comments>http://MasteringElectronicsDesign.com/how-to-apply-thevenins-theorem-part-1/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 08 Sep 2009 01:40:18 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Adrian S. Nastase</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Analog Design]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Thevenin's Theorem]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[3 loop circuit]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[independent source]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[node equations]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[open circuit voltage]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[voltage source]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/?p=651</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Thevenin’s Theorem makes it easy to study complex networks by simplifying the circuit to be studied.  It states that networks with voltage and current sources, as well as resistors are electrically equivalent to one single voltage source and one single resistor in series with the source.  The theorem is valid for AC circuits, where instead of resistors there may be reactive components...


Related posts:<ol><li><a href='http://MasteringElectronicsDesign.com/how-to-apply-nortons-theorem-solving-circuits-with-independent-sources/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: How to Apply Norton’s Theorem. Solving Circuits with Independent Sources'>How to Apply Norton’s Theorem. Solving Circuits with Independent Sources</a></li><li><a href='http://MasteringElectronicsDesign.com/how-to-apply-thevenins-theorem-part-2-nested-thevenin-sources-method/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: How to Apply Thevenin&#8217;s Theorem – Part 2.  Nested Thevenin Sources Method'>How to Apply Thevenin&#8217;s Theorem – Part 2.  Nested Thevenin Sources Method</a></li><li><a href='http://MasteringElectronicsDesign.com/derive-the-transfer-function-of-the-common-collector-amplifier-with-thevenins-theorem/' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link: Derive the Transfer Function of the Common Collector Amplifier with Thevenin&#8217;s Theorem'>Derive the Transfer Function of the Common Collector Amplifier with Thevenin&#8217;s Theorem</a></li></ol>]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>2</slash:comments>
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