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	<title>Operational Amplifier Formulas &#8211; Mastering Electronics Design</title>
	<atom:link href="https://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/category/operational-amplifier-formulas/feed/" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
	<link>https://masteringelectronicsdesign.com</link>
	<description>Electronics Design and Modeling with Emphasis on Analog Design</description>
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		<title>Why is the Op Amp Gain-Bandwidth Product Constant?</title>
		<link>https://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/why-is-the-op-amp-gain-bandwidth-product-constant/</link>
					<comments>https://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/why-is-the-op-amp-gain-bandwidth-product-constant/#comments</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Adrian S. Nastase]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 19 Jun 2016 21:22:43 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Analog Design]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Operational Amplifier Formulas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[gain-bandwidth]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[op amp]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[op amp (opamp) formulas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[operational amplifier]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/?p=2372</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[A recurring conversation I have usually starts with two questions: Why is the op amp gain-bandwidth product constant? And, how can we prove that? The questions refer to the gain-bandwidth product behavior of an op amp after the cutoff frequency.]]></description>
		
					<wfw:commentRss>https://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/why-is-the-op-amp-gain-bandwidth-product-constant/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
			<slash:comments>3</slash:comments>
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>Apply Thevenin&#8217;s Theorem to Solve a Negative Resistance Circuit, or Current Source</title>
		<link>https://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/apply-thevenins-theorem-to-solve-a-negative-resistance-circuit/</link>
					<comments>https://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/apply-thevenins-theorem-to-solve-a-negative-resistance-circuit/#comments</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Adrian S. Nastase]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 14 Feb 2011 00:48:17 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Analog Design]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Electronic Circuits Examples]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Operational Amplifier Formulas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Thevenin's Theorem]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[current source]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[negative resistance]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[op amp]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[op amp (opamp) formulas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[operational amplifier]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://MasteringElectronicsDesign.com/?p=1773</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[The circuit in Figure 1 is a good example of applying Thevenin’s Theorem to solve a circuit with dependent supplies.  It is a negative resistance circuit and it was posted in this forum with a call for solution verification for IL as a function of Vin.  Since this fits very well with my plans to write more about Thevenin’s Theorem, I decided to post the solution here. ]]></description>
		
					<wfw:commentRss>https://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/apply-thevenins-theorem-to-solve-a-negative-resistance-circuit/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
			<slash:comments>5</slash:comments>
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>An Op Amp Gain Bandwidth Product</title>
		<link>https://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/an-op-amp-gain-bandwidth-product/</link>
					<comments>https://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/an-op-amp-gain-bandwidth-product/#comments</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Adrian S. Nastase]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 18 Oct 2010 00:14:01 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Analog Design]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Operational Amplifier Formulas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[bandwidth]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[inverting]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[op amp]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[op amp (opamp) formulas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[operational amplifier]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/?p=1622</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[I can see some chat on internet about the operational amplifier gain bandwidth product.  People are interested in having a better understanding of this parameter, as it appears in any op amp datasheet and it is used in many articles and books.  In this article I will describe this parameter and show you an example with Analog devices’ ADA4004, which is a precision amplifier.]]></description>
		
					<wfw:commentRss>https://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/an-op-amp-gain-bandwidth-product/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
			<slash:comments>58</slash:comments>
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>The Virtual Ground</title>
		<link>https://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/the-virtual-ground/</link>
					<comments>https://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/the-virtual-ground/#comments</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Adrian S. Nastase]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 08 Jan 2010 05:00:04 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Analog Design]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Operational Amplifier Formulas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[inverting]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[op amp]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[op amp (opamp) formulas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[operational amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[transfer function]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://MasteringElectronicsDesign.com/?p=2001</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[In my articles I talked about the op amp virtual ground and sometimes I wrote a brief explanation of this concept. In this article I will show you why an op amp input can be considered at a zero potential, without being galvanically connected to ground. Let’s take a simple circuit, the inverting amplifier. ]]></description>
		
					<wfw:commentRss>https://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/the-virtual-ground/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
			<slash:comments>1</slash:comments>
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>The Non-Inverting Amplifier Output Resistance</title>
		<link>https://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/the-non-inverting-amplifier-output-resistance/</link>
					<comments>https://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/the-non-inverting-amplifier-output-resistance/#comments</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Adrian S. Nastase]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 23 Dec 2009 07:38:58 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Analog Design]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Operational Amplifier Formulas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Thevenin's Theorem]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[dependent sources]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[non-inverting]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[op amp]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[op amp (opamp) formulas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[operational amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[output resistance]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/?p=1003</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[It is customary to consider the output resistance of the non-inverting amplifier as being zero, but why is that?  An Op Amp’s own output resistance is in the range of tens of ohms.  Still, when we connect the Op Amp in a feedback configuration, the output resistance decreases dramatically.  Why?]]></description>
		
					<wfw:commentRss>https://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/the-non-inverting-amplifier-output-resistance/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
			<slash:comments>24</slash:comments>
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>How to Derive the Inverting Amplifier Transfer Function</title>
		<link>https://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/how-to-derive-the-inverting-amplifier-transfer-function/</link>
					<comments>https://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/how-to-derive-the-inverting-amplifier-transfer-function/#comments</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Adrian S. Nastase]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 27 Nov 2009 03:33:40 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Analog Design]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Operational Amplifier Formulas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[inverting]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[op amp]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[op amp (opamp) formulas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[proof]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[transfer function]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/?p=979</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Widely used in Analog Design, the inverting amplifier in Figure 1 has a simple transfer function.  What is the proof of this function? ]]></description>
		
					<wfw:commentRss>https://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/how-to-derive-the-inverting-amplifier-transfer-function/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
			<slash:comments>13</slash:comments>
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>How to Derive the Non-Inverting Amplifier Transfer Function</title>
		<link>https://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/how-to-derive-the-non-inverting-amplifier-transfer-function/</link>
					<comments>https://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/how-to-derive-the-non-inverting-amplifier-transfer-function/#comments</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Adrian S. Nastase]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 29 Aug 2009 06:57:03 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Analog Design]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Operational Amplifier Formulas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[non-inverting]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[op amp (opamp) formulas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[operational amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[transfer function]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/?p=438</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[One of the most common amplifiers in Analog Design is the non-inverting amplifier.  How do you derive its transfer function?]]></description>
		
					<wfw:commentRss>https://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/how-to-derive-the-non-inverting-amplifier-transfer-function/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
			<slash:comments>6</slash:comments>
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>Useful Operational Amplifier Formulas and Configurations</title>
		<link>https://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/useful-operational-amplifier-formulas-and-configurations/</link>
					<comments>https://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/useful-operational-amplifier-formulas-and-configurations/#comments</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Adrian S. Nastase]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 24 Aug 2009 01:57:49 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Analog Design]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Operational Amplifier Formulas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Differential Amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[non-inverting]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[op amp (opamp) formulas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[operational amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Summing Amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[transfer function]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[voltage follower]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/?p=577</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[A compilation of Op Amp configurations and transfer functions. ]]></description>
		
					<wfw:commentRss>https://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/useful-operational-amplifier-formulas-and-configurations/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
			<slash:comments>8</slash:comments>
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>How to Derive the Transfer Function of the  Inverting Summing Amplifier</title>
		<link>https://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/how-to-derive-the-transfer-function-of-the-inverting-summing-amplifier/</link>
					<comments>https://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/how-to-derive-the-transfer-function-of-the-inverting-summing-amplifier/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Adrian S. Nastase]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 17 Aug 2009 04:53:56 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Analog Design]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Operational Amplifier Formulas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Summing Amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Superposition Theorem]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[inverting summing amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[operational amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[proof]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/?p=541</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[The inverting summing amplifier does exactly what its name says: adds the input signals and inverts the result.  This amplifier presents a major advantage versus the non-inverting summing amplifier.  The input signals are added with their own gain.  The disadvantage is the inversion of the sum, which might not be desirable in some cases.  How can we derive this function?  What is the transfer function of the inverting summing amplifier with 3, 4, or n inputs?  This article answers all these questions.]]></description>
		
					<wfw:commentRss>https://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/how-to-derive-the-transfer-function-of-the-inverting-summing-amplifier/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
			<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		
		
			</item>
		<item>
		<title>The Transfer Function of the Non-Inverting Summing Amplifier with “N” Input Signals</title>
		<link>https://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/the-transfer-function-of-the-summing-amplifier-with-n-input-signals/</link>
					<comments>https://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/the-transfer-function-of-the-summing-amplifier-with-n-input-signals/#comments</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Adrian S. Nastase]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 09 Aug 2009 21:52:02 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Analog Design]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Operational Amplifier Formulas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Summing Amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Superposition Theorem]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[analog]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[non-inverting]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[op amp (opamp) formulas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[operational amplifier]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[proof]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[summing amplifier formula]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[transfer function]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/?p=486</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[In a previous article, How to Derive the Summing Amplifier Transfer Function, I deduced the formula for the non-inverting summing amplifier with two signals in its input.  But what if we have 3, 4 or an n number of signals?  Can we add them all with one amplifier?]]></description>
		
					<wfw:commentRss>https://masteringelectronicsdesign.com/the-transfer-function-of-the-summing-amplifier-with-n-input-signals/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
			<slash:comments>18</slash:comments>
		
		
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