Articles for the ‘Summing amplifier’ Category

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Design a Bipolar to Unipolar Converter with a 3-input Summing Amplifier

Sunday, January 31st, 2010

Summary:

Since the publication of Design a Bipolar to Unipolar Converter to Drive an ADC, several readers contacted me with requests to help in solving their particular converter. The common problem they had was the fact that the components’ calculation resulted in a negative value for at least one resistor.

To provide a solution, first we need to understand the root cause of the problem. Let’s take one of the circuits I received and analyze it.

The reader wrote that he would like to drive an ADC with the input range of 0 to 2.5V from a signal with the range of –5V to +5V, connected at V1.

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Categories: Analog Design, Electronic Circuits Examples, Summing amplifier

Summing Amplifier Calculator

Friday, January 22nd, 2010

Summary:

The calculator solves the summing amplifier resistors based on the input and output voltage range requirements. It is a great tool to design a bipolar to unipolar converter, as an example and other circuits.

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Categories: Analog Design, Calculators, Summing amplifier

How to Design a Summing Amplifier Calculator

Monday, January 11th, 2010

Summary:

In this article, you can download a Summing Amplifier Calculator in the form of a spreadsheet. You can input the voltage range, output range, a reference voltage and a choice of two resistors. The calculator gives you the answer for the remaining resistors. Also, this article explains the mathematical steps towards building the calculator.

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Categories: Analog Design, Summing amplifier

Bipolar to Unipolar Converters Based on a Summing Amplifier Configuration

Monday, December 28th, 2009

Summary:

In a previous article I presented a method for designing a bipolar to unipolar converter using a summing amplifier. In this article I am going to show more examples of bipolar to unipolar converters which are based on a summing amplifier configuration. You can adapt them to your needs if you use the method I described in the previous article.

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Categories: Analog Design, Electronic Circuits Examples, Summing amplifier

Design a Bipolar to Unipolar Converter to Drive an ADC

Monday, October 26th, 2009

Summary:

Most ADCs have a unipolar input range that can be a problem when designing bipolar circuits. Some common ADC input voltage ranges are 0 to 2.5 V, or 0 to 5 V. However, the analog circuit that drives the ADC can have voltage swings of, –1 V to +1 V, –2 V to +2 V , –5 V to +5 V, and so on. Bringing the ADC input below ground is a big No-No, because the current from input will flow through the chip substrate creating irreversible changes in the ADC and damage it. So, how do we connect a bipolar front end circuit with a unipolar ADC? Enters the bipolar to unipolar converter. Let’s design one.

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Categories: Analog Design, Electronic Circuits Examples, Mixed-Signal Design, Summing amplifier

Differential Output Circuit

Sunday, August 30th, 2009

Summary:

What is this circuit good for? It creates a single-ended-input-differential-output amplifier, in which VCM is the common mode and the main signal, in this case the average (VA+VB)/2 rides on top of VCM. It is very useful for fully differential circuits in low noise applications, because differential amplifiers help reduce the common mode noise. VCM in this case, sets the common mode to a useful level as required by the design.

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Categories: Analog Design, Differential Amplifier, Electronic Circuits Examples, Summing amplifier

How to Derive the Transfer Function of the Inverting Summing Amplifier

Monday, August 17th, 2009

Summary:

The inverting summing amplifier does exactly what its name says: adds the input signals and inverts the result. This amplifier presents a major advantage versus the non-inverting summing amplifier. The input signals are added with their own gain. The disadvantage is the inversion of the sum, which might not be desirable in some cases. How can we derive this function? What is the transfer function of the inverting summing amplifier with 3, 4, or n inputs? This article answers all these questions.

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Categories: Analog Design, Operational Amplifier Formulas, Summing amplifier, Superposition Theorem

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