Articles Tagged ‘operational amplifier’

« Previous

Using the Summing Amplifier as an Average Amplifier

Sunday, July 4th, 2010

Summary:

The summing amplifier can output the average of two, three or more signals. This is different than a signal average. The summing amplifier cannot, for example, output the average of a triangle signal. For that, you need an integrator to perform the average in the analog realm, or you need to sample the signal and calculate the average with a microcontroller. This type of average is the signal average in the time domain. I will write an article about the average of a signal in a near future.

Read more ...


Tags: , , , , , ,
Categories: Analog Design, Electronic Circuits Examples, Summing amplifier, Waveforms

Differential Amplifier Output Common-Mode Voltage Calculator

Sunday, February 28th, 2010

Summary:

A differential amplifier frequent use is the amplification of the voltage difference between its input signals, while rejecting the common-mode level. However, the output common-mode level cannot be zero. The operational amplifier technological limitations, as well as the outside resistor tolerances let the common-mode voltage to make it to the amplifier output as an output error. As a consequence, the amplifier output voltage is the input signal difference times gain, plus the output common-mode voltage.

Based on the resistor tolerances, this calculator will show the output common-mode voltage, Vocm, and the total voltage, Vout, at the differential amplifier output. Vocm will alter the ideal output voltage, which can be calculated when the resistors are perfectly matched.

Read more ...


Tags: , , , , ,
Categories: Analog Design, Calculators, Differential Amplifier

How to Design a Circuit from its Transfer Function Graph

Sunday, February 21st, 2010

Summary:

Sometimes all we know about a circuit is its transfer function graph. The transfer function might look like the one in Figure 1. How can we design a circuit so that its input-output behavior will match the graph?

Read more ...


Tags: , , , , ,
Categories: Analog Design, Differential Amplifier, Electronic Circuits Examples

Design a Bipolar to Unipolar Converter with a 3-input Summing Amplifier

Sunday, January 31st, 2010

Summary:

Since the publication of Design a Bipolar to Unipolar Converter to Drive an ADC, several readers contacted me with requests to help in solving their particular converter. The common problem they had was the fact that the components’ calculation resulted in a negative value for at least one resistor.

To provide a solution, first we need to understand the root cause of the problem. Let’s take one of the circuits I received and analyze it.

The reader wrote that he would like to drive an ADC with the input range of 0 to 2.5V from a signal with the range of –5V to +5V, connected at V1.

Read more ...


Tags: , , , , , , , ,
Categories: Analog Design, Electronic Circuits Examples, Summing amplifier

Summing Amplifier Calculator

Friday, January 22nd, 2010

Summary:

The calculator solves the summing amplifier resistors based on the input and output voltage range requirements. It is a great tool to design a bipolar to unipolar converter, as an example and other circuits.

Read more ...

» 1 Comment


Tags: , , , , ,
Categories: Analog Design, Calculators, Summing amplifier

How to Design a Summing Amplifier Calculator

Monday, January 11th, 2010

Summary:

In this article, you can download a Summing Amplifier Calculator in the form of a spreadsheet. You can input the voltage range, output range, a reference voltage and a choice of two resistors. The calculator gives you the answer for the remaining resistors. Also, this article explains the mathematical steps towards building the calculator.

Read more ...

» 1 Comment


Tags: , , , , , , , ,
Categories: Analog Design, Calculators, Summing amplifier

Bipolar to Unipolar Converters Based on a Summing Amplifier Configuration

Monday, December 28th, 2009

Summary:

In a previous article I presented a method for designing a bipolar to unipolar converter using a summing amplifier. In this article I am going to show more examples of bipolar to unipolar converters which are based on a summing amplifier configuration. You can adapt them to your needs if you use the method I described in the previous article.

Read more ...

» 2 Comments


Tags: , , , , , ,
Categories: Analog Design, Electronic Circuits Examples, Summing amplifier

« Previous